TLE 50
Graphics Science and Arts

Graphic art is to the art of printmaking and drawing. In contemporary usage it refers to the applied trade-skills of a pressman, pre-press technician, or typesetter. The term can include the trades of lithography, serigraphy and bindery, among others. Graphic arts as a trade can be traced back to the first instances of the stamped image or word. bookbinding ,soft bound, hard bound, printing shirts , oslo making is involved in this subject. This subject is really hard for me, but still I do my best to cope all projects for me to pass this subject. Unfortunately I passed it, thank you Lord.



My best project in this subject is the bookbinding. Bookbinding is the process of physically assembling a book from a number of folded or unfolded sheets of paper or other material. It usually involves attaching covers to the resulting text-block. Here is a procedure in bookbinding a book:

Step 1Stack your paper neatly in (at least 4) piles of 8 sheets

You are going to be binding your paper in 8 sheet folios. Of course you could do more or less. I have found 8 sheets to be a good number. because you are folding it in half each sheet is going to make 4 pages of your book, so this 8 sheet stack is going to make 32 pages. Your book should have at least 4 or these 8 sheet folios which will therefore make 128 pages.







step 2Fold each stack in half
As neatly as possible and keeping the paper as lined up as possible, fold each pile of 8 sheets in half cross wise.

step 3Unfold the paper and turn over
Making sure you keep the paper nice and straight, unfold each stack of 8 sheets and turn over.

step 4Staple the pages together

Open out your stapler Place the upturned paper stack on top of an eraser (positioned where you want to staple) (which will be about 2 inches from the edge of the page exactly on the crease) and slowly but firmly push down on the stap…

step 5Glue the binding onto the folios

You are now going to make the heart of the book. You have made at least 4 of the 8 sheet / 32 page folios and they need to be stuck together. Firstly , cut a piece of thin fabric to the same length as the page height and about 5 times the thickness of all the folios held together. Hold the folios tightly together and all lined up. Either get a friend to help or clip …

step 6Trim the bound folios

As Fugazzi has pointed out, you may be able to get your bound pages trimmed by a proper guillotine at your local one stop print or copy shop. Failing that read on... If you want (and you don't have to) you can trim the folios a tiny bit. Beware that the first time you do this you might end up making more of a mess of the edge of the paper than if you just left it. It …

step 7Mark and cut out the cover boards

place the bound folios on a piece of stiff card so that the bound edge lines up with one straight edge and then draw round the paper allowing about a quarter of an inch / 5mm border on the three other edges. Cut the card out and then cut a duplicate. Corrugated card is fine as the cover, as is thin foam core (foamboard), but the best kind of card is the stiff card t…

step 8Make the book spine

Loosely assemble the bound paper and the covers. Pressing them together, measure their combined thickness and mark off on a piece of scrap card. Cut the spine so that it is the thickness of the covers and the paper together and the same length as the height of the book covers.

step 9Mark and cut the material

Position the book covers and the spine on the reverse of your chosen fabric or leather and mark out so that there is a border of about 1 inch / 25mm all round. Cut out the material. As already mentioned, you can use any material you want really, although very thick material will be difficult to fold and glue (although, who knows how patient you are?). Actually, I us…

step 10 Glue the cover board and spine in place

Using White glue or rubber solution glue, smear an even coating over the boards and place face down on the wrong side of the material (i.e. the side of the material that you don't normally see, which has the pattern the wrong way round etc etc). Make sure you stick them neatly in a row so that they are aligned with each other and straight and that there is a gap of ab…